What is Brachial Plexus injury? The brachial plexus initiate from the cervical vertebrae and passes to the neck to the axilla and supplies the upper limb. It is formed from the 5th to 8th cervical nerves of the ventral rami and the 1st thoracic nerve of the ventral ramus of the ascending part. Branches from…
Introduction The hip adductors are a group of muscles located in the medial compartment of the thigh. These muscles include the adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor Magnus, gracilis, and pectineus. Due to their position, the hip adductors shape the surface anatomy of the medial side thigh. More specifically, these muscles extend from the anteroinferior external…
What is a Spasticity? Spasticity is a motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with exaggerated tendon reflexes, resulting from hyper excitability of the stretch , as one factor of the upper motor neuron syndrome. Spasticity is loss in muscle movement patterns so that muscles contract all at once. Muscle movements…
What is spondylosis? What is cervical spondylosis? Anatomy of the Neck region : Intervertebral disks are invited by 2 parts : Bio-Mechanics of The Neck Pathophysiology Cervical spondylosis causes: Other factors affecting cervical spondylosis include prolonged retention of the neck position or repetition of similar neck movements. Bone spurs:These excess growths of bone are the…
Introduction The muscles in the Back of the forearm muscles (posterior compartment of the forearm) are commonly known as the extensor group of muscles. The general function of these muscles is to perform extension at the wrist and fingers joints. They all are innervated by the radial nerve. Anatomically, the muscles in the posterior compartment…
What is an Athetoid cerebral palsy? Athetoid cerebral palsy, or dyskinetic cerebral palsy, is a type of cerebral palsy associated with injury, like other forms of Cerebral Palsy, to the basal ganglia in the form of lesions that happens during brain development due to bilirubin encephalitic pathology and hypoxic-ischemic head injury. Unlike other types of…
Introduction Your upper arm is the meeting point of different bones, muscles, joints, arteries, and nerves. They all work together to keep your shoulder, arm, and hand functioning properly. But if something happens to any of these parts, it can cause pain in the area as well as other symptoms like bruising, heat, visible deformities,…
What is Parkinson’s disease? Parkinson’s disease is a progressive nervous system condition that affects the movement of the body. It is a brain disorder that causes uncontrollable or unintended movements, such as stiffness, shaking, and difficulty with coordination and balance. Symptoms initiate gradually, sometimes starting with a hardly noticeable tremor in just one hand. Tremors…
What is an Abdominal muscle strain? An abdominal muscle strain occurs due to a tear or overly stretch muscles of the abdomen. An abdominal muscl strain and pulled stomach are the same. Abdominal muscles:The abdominal muscles are part of the musculoskeletal system. These muscles on the front of the body, between the pelvis and ribs,…
What is a Abdominal Muscles Spasm? Abdominal muscle spasm, also called abdominal muscle cramps, is a powerful, involuntary contraction of the abdomen muscles. During an Abdominal spasm, the muscle will feel stiff and tender if you put pressure. The major abdominal muscles include the transversus abdominus muscles, the deepest layer of muscle, which stabilizes your…
