What is Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD)? Relevant Anatomy temporomandibular joint(TMJ) Anatomy In an early study on postmortem specimens, it was found that the lateral pterygoid muscle was connected to the medial aspect of a joint capsule, meniscus, and a condyle pterygoid fovea in more than half of the specimens. It indicated that the muscle can have…
What is T4 syndrome? Clinically Relevant Anatomy Epidemiology Symptoms of T4 syndrome Less common symptoms: Diagnostic Procedures Examination During the objective examination it can be useful to assess: Differential Diagnosis Red flag questions should be asked extensively to find out any cardiac, respiratory, or visceral problems. Thoracic pain is also common with cancer metastases so…
What is a Dementia? Types of dementia Primary dementia Secondary dementia due to other diseases and conditions Other causes of dementia include: Dementias due to reversible causes Some of the conditions can cause dementia-like symptoms that can be reversed with treatment, which include: Causes of Dementia Symptoms Symptoms of dementia vary depending on the cause,…
What is Hallux rigidus? Hallux Rigidus (also referred to as Hallux Limitus) is a degenerative disease leading to a decreased range of movement in the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of the big toe or great toe. This can affect normal gait function, specifically during the propulsive stage. Hallux rigidus, sometimes known as turf toe or…
What is nystagmus? Nystagmus (ni-stag-muhs) is a condition in which your eyes make rapid, repetitive, uncontrolled movements — like up and down (vertical nystagmus), side to side (horizontal nystagmus) or in a circle(rotary nystagmus).These eye movements can lead to difficulties with your vision, depth perception, balance, and coordination. Who does nystagmus affect? Nystagmus can affect…
What is dysphagia? Dysphagia can be done due to difficulty anywhere in the swallowing process. Dysphagia is more seen in older adults.A typical “swallow” involves several various muscles and nerves; it has an unusually complex process trusted Source. There are three general types of dysphagia Oral dysphagia (high dysphagia): difficulty in the mouth, ocassinaly caused…
What is Hip osteoarthritis? Hip osteoarthritis is a condition in which the Hip joints become inflamed and the cartilage that lines the bones become worse.Eventually, bone-on-bone wear occurs. As the disease extends patients often experience pain, stiffness, and instability. osteoarthritis Hip Osteoarthritis is the most common form of osteoarthritis that occurs when the protective cartilage…
What’s a Text Neck Syndrome? Text neck is a term used for the unusual posture formed by bending forward neck for a long period of time, for case seeing smartphones for a prolonged time while reading and chatting activity, is reported to have Neck stress injuries. This posture basically results in upper back cervical muscles…
What is The Medial Plica Syndrome: Plica syndrome may be a condition caused by inflammation within the lining of the knee.It leads to achy knee pain which gets worse with activity, particularly up and down stairs, a sense of instability within the knee, and sometimes a catching or locking sensation. Plicae are small folds within…
What is Brachial Plexus injury? The brachial plexus initiate from the cervical vertebrae and passes to the neck to the axilla and supplies the upper limb. It is formed from the 5th to 8th cervical nerves of the ventral rami and the 1st thoracic nerve of the ventral ramus of the ascending part. Branches from…
