Congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) refers to a group of muscular dystrophies which is autosomal recessively-inherited muscle diseases that become apparent at or near birth around age 2. They are a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by muscle weakness and the different changes on muscle biopsy that ranges from myopathic to dystrophic due to the age…
Definition of Lower Limb Amputation Lower limb amputation is the removal of a leg, foot, or toes from the body. These body parts are called extremities. Amputations are done either by surgery or they occur by trauma to the body. Indication Of Lower Limb Amputation: Level Of Lower Limb Amputation: Below Knee Amputation : Definition…
Semitendinosus Muscle Anatomy Semitendinosus muscle is one of 3 Hamstring group muscles that are located backside of the thigh and is responsible for the flexion of the knee. Other Hamstring muscles are the biceps femoris and semimembranosus. All three muscles (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris) are part of the hamstring muscles. Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus are…
Shoulder bursitis happens in most people due to swelling or inflammation in the bursa. The bursae are potential fluid-filled sacs that are part of the skeletal system. They cushion the space between bones and connective tissue, allowing tendons, muscle and bone to move together. In the shoulder, the subacromial bursae cushions the area between the…
Brachialis Tendonitis is a condition in which inflammation of Brachialis muscle and tendon causes pain to the affected arm with swelling. The brachialis muscle is located under the biceps brachii in the arm. It works mainly as a forearm flexion movement, it is considered one of the strongest elbow flexors. It is seen mostly in…
Rheumatoid Arthritis is a general term for inflammation (redness, warmth, swelling, and pain) in joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is a type of chronic (ongoing) arthritis that occurs in joints on both sides of the body (for instance, both hands, wrists, and/or knees), which helps distinguish it from other types of arthritis. In addition to affecting the…
What is an Ankle Sprain? Ankle sprain is an injury to the tough bands of tissue (ligaments) that surround and connect the bones of the leg to the foot. The injury typically happens when you accidentally twist or turn your ankle in an awkward way. This can stretch or tear the ligaments that hold your…
Introduction: Patellar tendonitis is an injury to the Quadriceps tendon that connect your patella to your tibia (shinbone). The Quadriceps patellar tendon works with the muscles at the front of your thigh to extend your knee so that you can walk, run, sit to stand and jump. Patellar tendonitis, also called jumper’s knee, It is…
Ankylosing spondylitis (pronounced ankle-oh-sing spon-dill-eye-tiss) is a form of arthritis that causes chronic (long-term) spine inflammation. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) inflames the sacroiliac joints located between the base of the spine and pelvis. This inflammation, called sacroiliitis, is one of the first signs of Ankylosing spondylitis. Inflammation often spreads to joints between the vertebrae, the bones…
Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD), is the most common type of arthritis. Osteoarthritis is more likely to develop as people age. The changes in osteoarthritis usually occur slowly over many years, though there are occasional exceptions. Inflammation and injury to the joint cause bony changes, deterioration of tendons and ligaments and a…
